This assignment is less about “right or wrong” and more about an effort to grasp the poet’s view. Please prepare a four minimum power point slide presentation (10 pts). Perhaps work with the title, or the first and last lines, or why you think he thinks the way he does. Perhaps examine how surrealism functions in a few lines. Perhaps look at the use of repetition or plant life or inanimate life. Perhaps think how elements are related. Choose your lens. Try to have some fun.
THE EYE OF THE SURREALIST
1
What is Surrealism??
André Breton defined Surrealism as “psychic automatism in its pure state, by which one proposes to express – verbally, by means of the written word, or in any other manner – the actual functioning of thought.” (The Art Story)
Surrealism defies logic.
2
Types of Surrealism Artwork
Paintings
There were 2 styles of surrealist paintings:
Hyper-realistic style where objects are shown is clear details and with three-dimensional illusions.
Automatism where unusual and outlandish imagery created collages doodling and grattage.
Objects and Sculptures
The goal is to displace the object; remove it from its expected context, then it could be seen without cultural context.
Photography
Occupied a central role in surrealism
Artists used double exposure, combination printing, montages and solarization.
Film
Surrealism was the first artistic movement to use cinema because it offered more chances to make bizarre and unreal imagery.
3
4
Who was involved
It all officially started in 1924 with André Bretons manifesto
However it was inspired as early as 1917 by Giorgio de Chircio’s paintings
When he abandoned the style Max Ernst took it over with his collage work that fueled Breton’s creativity in the Surrealist Movement
5
Surrealism in America
Many women reinvented surrealism in the United States
Ex. Kay Sage, Dorothea Tanning and Louise Bourgeois
Many Americans ignored the European styles and instead opted to blend surrealist techniques and content with other art styles to create hybrids
6
Similar to Surrealism
Abstract Expressionism was formed because of the blending of surrealists and American Artists
“Surrealism is regarded as single most important influence on the sudden growth in American arts after World War II” (Anirudh)
7
Works Cited
“Surrealism Movement, Artists and Major Works.” The Art Story, www.theartstory.org/movement-surrealism.htm.
History.com Staff. “Surrealism History.” History.com, A&E Television Networks, 2017, www.history.com/topics/surrealism-history.
Craven, Jackie. “These Artists Thrived on Dreams – Discover Their Surreal World.” ThoughtCo, ThoughtCo, www.thoughtco.com/what-is-surrealism-183312.
“Surrealism in America During the 1930s and 1940s: Selections from the Penny and Elton Yasuna Collection.” Currents of Change: Art and Life along the Mississippi River, 1850-1861, tfaoi.com/aa/3aa/3aa618.htm.
Anirudh. “Surrealism | 10 Interesting Facts About The Art Movement.” Learnodo Newtonic, 8 Nov. 2017, learnodo-newtonic.com/surrealism-facts.
8
Surrealism
1
What is Surrealism??
André Breton defined Surrealism as “psychic automatism in its pure state, by which one proposes to express – verbally, by means of the written word, or in any other manner – the actual functioning of thought.” (The Art Story)
Surrealism defies logic.
2
Types of Surrealism Artwork
Paintings
There were 2 styles of surrealist paintings:
Hyper-realistic style where objects are shown is clear details and with three-dimensional illusions.
Automatism where unusual and outlandish imagery created collages doodling and grattage.
Objects and Sculptures
The goal is to displace the object; remove it from its expected context, then it could be seen without cultural context.
Photography
Occupied a central role in surrealism
Artists used double exposure, combination printing, montages and solarization.
Film
Surrealism was the first artistic movement to use cinema because it offered more chances to make bizarre and unreal imagery.
3
4
Who was involved
It all officially started in 1924 with André Bretons manifesto
However it was inspired as early as 1917 by Giorgio de Chircio’s paintings
When he abandoned the style Max Ernst took it over with his collage work that fueled Breton’s creativity in the Surrealist Movement
5
Surrealism in America
Many women reinvented surrealism in the United States
Ex. Kay Sage, Dorothea Tanning and Louise Bourgeois
Many Americans ignored the European styles and instead opted to blend surrealist techniques and content with other art styles to create hybrids
6
Similar to Surrealism
Abstract Expressionism was formed because of the blending of surrealists and American Artists
“Surrealism is regarded as single most important influence on the sudden growth in American arts after World War II” (Anirudh)
7
Works Cited
“Surrealism Movement, Artists and Major Works.” The Art Story, www.theartstory.org/movement-surrealism.htm.
History.com Staff. “Surrealism History.” History.com, A&E Television Networks, 2017, www.history.com/topics/surrealism-history.
Craven, Jackie. “These Artists Thrived on Dreams – Discover Their Surreal World.” ThoughtCo, ThoughtCo, www.thoughtco.com/what-is-surrealism-183312.
“Surrealism in America During the 1930s and 1940s: Selections from the Penny and Elton Yasuna Collection.” Currents of Change: Art and Life along the Mississippi River, 1850-1861, tfaoi.com/aa/3aa/3aa618.htm.
Anirudh. “Surrealism | 10 Interesting Facts About The Art Movement.” Learnodo Newtonic, 8 Nov. 2017, learnodo-newtonic.com/surrealism-facts.
8
WHAT IS SURREALISM?
“An artist or writer who is an exponent of the avant-garde movement in art and literature which sought to release the creative potential of the unconscious mind”
Where?
Movement started in Paris
When?
Movement born in October 1924
Who?
André Breton
The Interpretation of Dreams (1899) by Sigmund Freud was a major revelation for the movement.
Freud approved the importance of dreams and unconscious to reveal human desires, emotions, sexuality, and creativity.
= philosophical basis of surrealism
Surrealists use dreams, unconscious, and automatism to contest social conventions.
Surrealist artists honor the irrational, the fantastical, the symbols, and the eccentricity.
La clairvoyance (1936) – René Magritte
The Persistence of Memory (1932) – Salvador Dali
In paintings and writings, artists have extensively used Surrealist Automatism, which is a technique of art making in which the hand moves randomly across the paper.
Automatism allows the unconscious mind to create
Automatic drawing (1924) – André Masson
Automatic painting – Joan Miró
Surrealist artists use numerous techniques to express their minds and to find inspiration.
Exquisite Corpse (1927) – Miro, Tanguy, Ray, and Morise
Calligrammes – Guillaume Appolinaire
Bulletism – The Lugubrious Game (1969) – Salvador Dali
Collages – Memory of Oceana (1952) – Henri Matisse
Sculpture – Emil Alzamora (2004)
Cinema – L’Age d’Or (1930) – Buñuel and Dali
Photography – Guy Bourdin (1928)
After World War II, the group was challenged by a new movement called Existentialism.
Surrealist techniques and ideas are still in use, as they enable creative liberties.
Today, Surrealism does not exist as ideology.
Icons
Breton, Eluard, Picasso, Dali, Miró, Braque, Aragon, Khalo, Giacometti, Oppenheim, Masson, Zürn, Magritte, Bourgeois, Cocteau, Ray, Buñuel, Ernst, Bourdin, …
Works cited
Fer, Briony, David Batchelor, and Paul Wood. Realism, rationalism, suurealism: art between the wars. Vol. 3. Yale University Press, 1993
Man, Joan. “How the Surrealistic Movement Shaped the Course of Art History?” Arsty, 23 Sept. 2016, web. artsy.net/article/artsy-editorial-what-is-surrealism. Accessed 24 Feb. 2017.
Oxford Dictionary
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